Abstract
The accidental or intentional release of plutonium or americium can cause acute and long term adverse health effects if they enter the human body by ingestion, inhalation, or injection. These effects can be prevented by rapid removal of these radionuclides by chelators such as calcium or zinc diethylenetriaminepentaacetate (calcium or zinc DTPA). These compounds have been shown to be efficacious in enhancing the elimination of members of the actinide family particularly plutonium and americium when administered intravenously or by nebulizer. The efficacy and adverse effects profile depend on several factors that include the route of internalization of the actinide, the type, and route time of administration of the chelator, and whether the calcium or zinc salt of DTPA is used. Current and future research efforts should be directed at overcoming limitations associated with the use of these complex drugs by using innovative methods that can enhance their structural and therapeutic properties.
Keywords: Actinide, americium, chelation, contamination, DTPA, plutonium, radionuclide, transuranics, Transuranic elements, zinc diethylenetriaminepentaacetate, nebulizer, therapeutic properties.
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
Title:Calcium and Zinc DTPA Administration for Internal Contamination with Plutonium-238 and Americium-241
Volume: 13 Issue: 10
Author(s): Ziad N. Kazzi, Alexander Heyl and Johann Ruprecht
Affiliation:
Keywords: Actinide, americium, chelation, contamination, DTPA, plutonium, radionuclide, transuranics, Transuranic elements, zinc diethylenetriaminepentaacetate, nebulizer, therapeutic properties.
Abstract: The accidental or intentional release of plutonium or americium can cause acute and long term adverse health effects if they enter the human body by ingestion, inhalation, or injection. These effects can be prevented by rapid removal of these radionuclides by chelators such as calcium or zinc diethylenetriaminepentaacetate (calcium or zinc DTPA). These compounds have been shown to be efficacious in enhancing the elimination of members of the actinide family particularly plutonium and americium when administered intravenously or by nebulizer. The efficacy and adverse effects profile depend on several factors that include the route of internalization of the actinide, the type, and route time of administration of the chelator, and whether the calcium or zinc salt of DTPA is used. Current and future research efforts should be directed at overcoming limitations associated with the use of these complex drugs by using innovative methods that can enhance their structural and therapeutic properties.
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Cite this article as:
N. Kazzi Ziad, Heyl Alexander and Ruprecht Johann, Calcium and Zinc DTPA Administration for Internal Contamination with Plutonium-238 and Americium-241, Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 2012; 13 (10) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920112802273308
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920112802273308 |
Print ISSN 1389-2010 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4316 |
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