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What is New in Gastroenterology and Hepatology

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Precision Medicine in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Current Challenges

Author(s): Eugen Dumitru and Cristina Tocia * .

Pp: 91-103 (13)

DOI: 10.2174/9781681087870122010011

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel diseases are chronic relapsing diseases with an
increasing incidence worldwide, with variable and unpredictable evolution, as well as
predisposition to complications throughout the disease. Despite the efforts of the
academic world of research, their etiology remains incompletely elucidated, but intense
research over the last decade showed that they are based on intricate complex
pathophysiological mechanisms that occur in the genome, epigenome, microbiome, or
immunome. Precision medicine is a new concept and its application in inflammatory
bowel disease consists of adapting medical treatment to each patient who is viewed
from an individual perspective, encompassing a multitude of evidence-based
approaches in the literature, thus facilitating accurate medical decisions.

Significant progress has been made by studying genomic data such as genome,
transcriptome, proteome, metabolome, and microbiome. With a wide range of
treatments available, the demand for precision medicine in inflammatory bowel disease
is of paramount importance. The goal of precision medicine is to provide
individualized care so that the patient's voyage from diagnosis to treatment is based on
the individual biological characteristics. Precision medicine, in order to adapt one
specific therapy to a specific patient at one specific time based on the patient's
biological characteristics, is an important aspiration in the medical world. Although
much progress has been made in this area, some challenges remain unclear. In the
future, precision medicine has the capacity to provide personalized care to patients with
inflammatory bowel disease.

Keywords: Epigenome, Genetics, Genome, Immunity, Inflammatory bowel disease, Microbiome, Precision medicine, Proteomics.

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