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Current Neuropharmacology

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1570-159X
ISSN (Online): 1875-6190

Review Article

Optic Nerve and Cerebral Edema in the Course of Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Author(s): Łukasz Szmygel, Wojciech Kosiak, Katarzyna Zorena and Małgorzata Myśliwiec

Volume 14, Issue 8, 2016

Page: [784 - 791] Pages: 8

DOI: 10.2174/1570159X14666160225155151

Price: $65

Abstract

In the recent years we have been observing an increased incidence of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents. This leads to a more frequent acute complication of type 1 diabetes among children with hyperglycemia. The most common of these is diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), while cerebral edema is the most dangerous. In children with DKA, cerebral edema most often presents with clinical symptoms but may also appear in the so-called “subclinical” form. That is why the search continues for new methods of assessing and monitoring cerebral edema in the course of DKA treatment. Ultrasonographic optic nerve sheath diameter (US ONSD) assessment is performed in various clinical scenarios when cerebral edema is suspected. It is most often performed in adult patients but increasingly often in children. US ONSD assessment is useful in the treatment of DKA in children with type 1 diabetes. This manuscript provides an overview of research results available in PubMed and other available databases on the course of treatment of DKA in children with type 1 diabetes.

Keywords: Cerebral edema, diabetic ketoacidosis, optic nerve sheath diameter, type 1 diabetes, ultrasonography, ultrasound.

Graphical Abstract

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